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Iris (plant)
''Iris'' is a genus of 260–300〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=WCSP: Iris )〕 species of flowering plants with showy flowers. It takes its name from the Greek word for a rainbow, which is also the name for the Greek goddess of the rainbow, Iris. Some authors state that the name refers to the wide variety of flower colors found among the many species. As well as being the scientific name, ''iris'' is also very widely used as a common name for all ''Iris'' species, as well as some belonging to other closely related genera. A common name for some species is 'flags', while the plants of the subgenus ''Scorpiris'' are widely known as 'junos', particularly in horticulture. It is a popular garden flower.
The often-segregated, monotypic genera ''Belamcanda'' (blackberry lily, ''I. domestica''), ''Hermodactylus'' (snake's head iris, ''I. tuberosa''), and ''Pardanthopsis'' (vesper iris, ''I. dichotoma'') are currently included in ''Iris''.
Three Iris varieties are used in the Iris flower data set outlined by Ronald Fisher in his 1936 paper ''The use of multiple measurements in taxonomic problems'' as an example of linear discriminant analysis.
==Description==
Irises are perennial plants, growing from creeping rhizomes (rhizomatous irises) or, in drier climates, from bulbs (bulbous irises). They have long, erect flowering stems which may be simple or branched, solid or hollow, and flattened or have a circular cross-section. The rhizomatous species usually have 3–10 basal sword-shaped leaves growing in dense clumps. The bulbous species have cylindrical, basal leaves.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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